Cat#:FA-102;Product Name:Freund’s Adjuvant;Size:500mL;Sample:Mouse, rabbit, goat, sheep, chicken,etc;Intended use:Freund’s adjuvant is used for antibody production;Background:In immunology, an adjuvant is a component that potentiates the immune responses to an antigen and/or modulates it towards the desired immune responses. The word "adjuvant" comes from the Latin word adiuvare, meaning to help or aid."An immunologic adjuvant is defined as any substance that acts to accelerate, prolong, or enhance antigen-specific immune responses when used in combination with specific vaccine antigens." Freund's adjuvant is a solution of antigen emulsified in mineral oil and used as an immunopotentiator (booster). The complete form, Freund's Complete Adjuvant (FCA or CFA) is composed of inactivated and dried mycobacteria (usually M. tuberculosis), whereas the incomplete form (FIA or IFA) lacks the mycobacterial components (hence just the water in oil emulsion). It is named after Jules T. Freund.;Description:Adjuvant is used to stimulate and enhance the immune response to an immunogen. By mixing the immunogen with the adjuvant to form a stable emulsion, a sustained presentation of the antigen is achieved. This depot effect results in improved immune response and higher serum antibody levels. Freund's complete adjuvant(CFA) is effective in stimulating cell-mediated immunity and leads to potentiation of T helper cells that leads to the production of certain immunoglobulins and effector T cells. Incomplete Freund’s adjuvant (ICFA) is one of the most commonly used adjuvants in research. It is prepared from non-metabolizable oils. IFA can be used to produce water-in-oil emulsions of antigens. ICFA induces a predominantly Th2-biased response through the formation of a depot at the injection site and the stimulation of antibody producing plasma cells. Freund’s adjuvant consists of a mixture of mineral oil and an emulsifier mannide monooleate. Complete Freund’s Adjuvant contains 1 mg/ml heat-killed and dried Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra. The mycobacteria stimulate the immune system and enhance the immune response. 1mL Incomplete Freund’s Adjuvant contains 0.85 ml paraffin oil and 0.15 ml of mannide monooleate. ;Stability:The Freund’s adjuvant is stable for up to 3 years at 2-8ºC.;Storage:Freund’s Adjuvant is shipped at ambient temperature and stored at 2-8℃ (Do not freeze!).;References:Sadelain, MW; Qin, HY; Lauzon, J; Singh, B (1990), "Prevention of type I diabetes in NOD mice by adjuvant immunotherapy", Diabetes, 39 (5): 583–589;